Pursuing a Very Low-Level Waste (VLLW) Classification to Optimize Waste Management for Canadian Nuclear Operators

Abstract

Very Low-Level Waste (VLLW) is part of the IAEA classification scheme of radioactive waste, successfully used in several European countries and US, and is recognized by the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission (CNSC) as a sub-class of Low-Level Waste (LLW). International benchmarking has shown extensive use of the VLLW classification. A recognition of VLLW as an independent radioactive waste class could present opportunity for optimal management and disposal of operational and decommissioning waste. This paper presents considerations for the Canadian nuclear industry to pursue further definition and framework for implementation of an independent VLLW classification which would allow for enhanced diversion of waste in a more appropriate, cost-effective disposal method. This classification could support minimization of LLW management – including current and future storage, processing, and eventual disposal.

This paper presents a summary of relevant industrial and regulatory information from international jurisdictions, including applicable characterization used to define VLLW. Benchmarking information is also included in terms of ranges of diversion rates expected to be achieved from implementation of VLLW as an independent waste classification. The paper considers economic and environmental benefits that can be achieved as seen from successful implementation in numerous countries. Finally, recommendations are provided towards next steps in Indigenous Rightsholders, Community, Canadian Peoples, Government and Regulatory engagements for pursuing this initiative in Canada.