Thermodynamic and Fluid-Dynamic Properties of Water for High-temperature Nuclear Reactors

Abstract

Many designs for advanced nuclear-fission reactors involve higher coolant temperatures than the current generation of water-cooled reactors. In this study, physical theories of the relevant properties of water are reviewed, and practical methods for calculating these properties are assessed. Special attention is given to thermodynamic stability, phase transitions, the critical point, supercritical behaviour, thermal conductivity and viscosity. The review and the assessment suggest the need for new practical methods for the critical-point neighbourhood and the supercritical thermodynamic states.