MICROSIM: A Real-Time Microcomputer-Based Simulator for Training Nuclear Power Plant Operators

Abstract

Atomic Energy of Canada Limited (AECL) has developed a microcomputer-based training simulator Hydro-Quebec's Gentilly-2 turbine system models. The simulator hardware consists of one microcomputer, a mouse, a keyboard and up to four nineteen-inch graphic displays (potentially fitted with touch-sensitivity overlays) for the student, as well as one screen and a keyboard for the instructor. The total cost of the hardware is less than approximately 50,000 CAN. The software consists of a generic component, which AECL intends to use on all of its simulators, and of a project-specific component. The generic component comprises programs to manage the real-time execution of the simulation models and other programs for interrupting or restarting the simulation, changing its speed, saving or reloading states of simulation, recording and replaying user inputs, and managing malfunctions which can be forced into the simulated processes. Graphical representation of the control room panels and flow sheets of the simulated processes are generated using a commercial graphics editor and animated using a small set of graphic primitives. Trainees operator the simulator by "touching" the pictorial representation of the plant controllers on the CRT. First, this set-up allows familiarization with the layout and functions of the instrumentation on the control panels. Second, with carefully written instructions, knowledge of operating procedures and skills in executing them are acquired or maintained. Operation under normal and abnormal conditions can be demonstrated and learned. A turbine system simulator was developed using AECL's simulator environment and models developed by Hydro-Quebec for their Gentilly-2 CANDU Nuclear Generating Station. The trainee can exercise three stages of operation of the turbine, namely turbine warm-up by pressurization, turbine run-up and rise to full load. During all three stages, the trainee can control the turbine-generator set in three different modes: manual, standby and automatic. The systems and processes modelled include high- and low-pressure turbines, alternator, moisture separators, stop and control valves, turning gear, lube oil, electro-hydraulic control (E.H.C.), shaft bearing vibrations, turbine casing temperature, and control computer programs.